Israeli arms firms, such as Rafael, and the Israeli defence ministry remain eligible for the EU’s ‘Horizon’ science-programme grant
Von der Leyen’s proposed trade sanctions could be adopted by a qualified majority of EU countries, but Germany and Italy were among those who blocked them, even at the height of the Gaza war.
The thing of trade is that it goes both ways, and no, we don’t have easy replacement for many pharmaceutical products from Israel. Also, having zero leverage over Hamas (despite millions wasted in Gaza) doesn’t help any possible leverage over Israel. Peace, like trade, needs 2 to tango.