“totaled” has a technical definition: it’s assessed more expensive to repair than to replace. That will include the cost of all the testing.

I have no idea what this will have damaged. Aircraft can be put back into service after some pretty serious damage, but you make a good point that tests on the structure of an aircraft are done on a new one, so you can’t just do a single test and job done to get the same level of confidence that everything’s ok - if something were weakened, it wouldn’t be clear when it might fail.