The Niagara Movement was a civil rights group organized by W.E.B. Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter in 1905. After being denied admittance to hotels in Buffalo, New York, the group of twenty-nine business owners, teachers, and clergy who comprised the initial meeting gathered at Niagara Falls, Ontario (Canada) from which the group’s name derives.

The principles behind the Niagara Movement were largely in opposition to Booker T. Washington’s philosophy of Accommodationism. Trotter, editor of the Boston Guardian, had publicly reprimanded Washington at a Boston, Massachusetts meeting in 1903. In The Souls of Black Folk (1903), Du Bois had also condemned Washington for his lowered expectations for African Americans. The Niagara Movement drafted a “Declaration of Principles,” part of which stated: “We refuse to allow the impression to remain that the Negro-American assents to inferiority, is submissive under oppression and apologetic before insults.”

The Niagara Movement attempted to bring about legal change, addressing the issues of crime, economics, religion, health, and education. The movement stood apart from other black organizations at the time because of its powerful, unequivocal demand for equal rights. The Niagara Movement forcefully demanded equal economic and educational opportunity as well as the vote for black men and women. Members of the Niagara Movement sent a powerful message to the entire country through their condemnation of racial discrimination and their call for an end to segregation.

While the movement had grown to include to 170 members in 34 states by 1906, it also encountered difficulties. W.E.B. Du Bois supported the inclusion of women in the Niagara Movement, William Monroe Trotter did not. Trotter left the movement in 1908 to start his own group, the Negro-American Political League.

The Niagara Movement met annually until 1908. In that year a major race riot broke out in Springfield, Illinois. Eight blacks were killed and over 2,000 African Americans fled the city. Symbolically important because it was the first northern race riot in four decades and because it was in the hometown of Abraham Lincoln, black and white activists, including members of the Niagara Movement, felt a new more powerful, interracial organization was now needed to combat racism. Out of this concern, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was formed. The Niagara Movement was considered the precursor to the NAACP and many of its members, such as W.E.B. Du Bois, were among the new organization’s founders.

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  • GalaxyBrain [they/them]@hexbear.net
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    4 hours ago

    Gonna fo a solo black metal thing cause I think im better at it than black metal fans. Early Arkanum is the money influence for really raw shit that’s too primitive for blastbeats. Steal a few riffs from Ildjarn and Bone Awl but half time. People act like this shot is hard. Its not even 2 chords its a half step per riff

  • GalaxyBrain [they/them]@hexbear.net
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    5 hours ago

    Looked into Snow a while back cause Informer is a song that you need to research when you hear it if youre like me at all. Found out he wasnt a white rapper poser at all and wrote that shit after while in jail after being lingered for a stabbing he didn’t do which is surface level. Turns out hes also really well liked in Jamaica, Jim Carey was wrong.

  • Keld [he/him, any]@hexbear.net
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    10 hours ago

    I’m watching a Swedish drama and one of the ways we’re supposed to know that one of the characters is going down a bad road is that she’s upset about the Israel-Palestine “conflict” and calls it a genocide.

  • KnilAdlez [none/use name]@hexbear.net
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    9 hours ago

    Jarvis, I’m bored and want attention. Generate a topic for a struggle session and post it to hexbear dot net.

    Cities should not be able to limit the amount of dogs someone can have

  • GalaxyBrain [they/them]@hexbear.net
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    9 hours ago

    Got really busy late in the night after I let a couple people out early who had stuff to do. So the late rush and clean up was 2 people. Usually we try to start flipping the line and doing early closing stuff around 2 hours to close and just try to keep it nice til the end, that chance did not occur so the flip started at 15 to close. For some reason this was also the moment all of front of housse wanted to talk to me. They rang in everything and then had nothing to do but wait and seemed to think I had time to chit chat in the window or make an entire discussion out of whatever questions they had, many which weren’t relevant at the moment. Like… bruh I know youre waiting on a slice shop pizzas, when you ring that in right after 3 takeouts while we’re working on 5 tables, the pizzas we sell by the slice out front getting restocked is bottom of the list, should’ve asked for it earlier. Getting asked how we’re doing on various bits of stock when I have no fucking clue cause I’ve been too busy running service all the way til close to even consider the prep list and inventory stuff. Or asking if I have any plans for my days off when im making 3 salads, watching a pizza oven, plating and expoing apps and pastas and calling orders with very specific ordering and timing cause its just 2 of us so coordination is key. I really like all of them, great people but damn homies…you had all day to chat, it was slow as fuck until the last hour and a half of being open. Eventually I had to say “I’ve still got a mile long list of shit to do before im done and you guys can’t lock up until then. Any time you take from me right now is gonna be added to the end of your night waiting for me to finish closing, this isn’t a time any of us can afford me being distracted.”. One of them did offer to jump in on dish which was a very nice offer but would have just slowed us down in practice, she doesn’t know where anything goes do one of us would have to be putting shit away and then you may as well also wash the dishes cause the machine takes a couple minutes which is enough time to put your dry shit away combined with the fact that while I am a pretty kickass cook, my dishwashing skills are on a whole other level. Me and a pal back in like 2016 handled a 900 person 4 course business summit bullshit luncheon thing for rich guys in 2 hours including glassware. The offer was nice and I really wish there was somewhere I could put her to work that would have helped but it was one of those things where someone who isn’t already really good at it helping would be more of an obstacle.

    Also our last dine in was an old dude eating by himself that looked exactly like IRL Master Roshi.